Abstract:

Since the eighteenth century, many if not most ancient and medieval manuscripts or other text-bearing or associated objects have been procured through imperial expropriation or through the antiquities market with little or no evidence of findspot or place of original deposition and with no assurance of legal provenance or authenticity. The consequences of these questionable acquisition practices for scholarship and for our understanding of the past are the focus of much enquiry.

Recent high-profile acquisitions (and subsequent returns) of text-bearing objects by prominent private collectors and museums and the appearance on the market of demonstrably modern forgeries have resulted in increased scrutiny of the intellectual and commercial impacts of academic engagement. Scholarly research can abet the antiquities market directly or indirectly through identification, authentication and legitimation of illegally traded text-bearing objects.

These harmful complications of well-established academic practice raise important questions about how and even if the academy should engage with ancient texts and text-bearing objects of uncertain provenance. Through a wide-ranging set of case studies, Variant Scholarship focuses on the methodological, theoretical, and ethical dilemmas facing scholars when working with ancient texts in modern contexts.

This book is intended for those interested in the historical practices of research into ancient manuscripts, ethical quandaries in studying unprovenanced textual materials, and the unintended consequences of scholarly interactions with problematic text-bearing objects.

Contents

Variant scholarship: ancient texts in modern contexts
Neil Brodie, Morag M. Kersel, and Josephine Munch Rasmussen

Disciplinary pitfalls: how good philology can mask bad provenance
Nils H. Korsvoll

The provenance of the Dead Sea Scrolls: five examples
Årstein Justnes

Performing papyrology: cartonnage, discovery and provenance
Roberta Mazza

The Ilves Collection: a Finnish manuscript collector and the academic facilitators
Rick Bonnie

Noxious scholarship? The study and publication of First Sealand Dynasty cuneiform tablets
Neil Brodie

Consuming Palmyra
Michael Press

Ethical guidelines for publishing ancient texts
Patty Gerstenblith

The trouble with texts
Morag M. Kersel

The value of forgeries for historical research
Christa Wirth and Josephine M. Rasmussen

Someone else’s manuscripts: the ethics of textual scholarship
Liv Ingeborg Lied

Between representation and the real: the forgeries of Constantine Simonides
Rachel Yuen-Collingridge

Provenance: genocide. The transfer of Armenian sacred objects to art collections
Heghnar Zeitlian Watenpaugh

Digitizing manuscripts and the politics of extraction
Raha Rafii